Legality of Trump’s IEEPA Tariffs
For months, the U.S. government's application of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) has been at the center of legal and political disputes. Significant court decisions are challenging the…
Determining Goods Origin under US Customs Law: Detailed Analysis of Rules under 19 CFR § 102.20
Proper determination of goods origin is one of the most important requirements in international trade, particularly for imports into the US. US Customs requires precise determinations of origin and bases…
Massive US Tariffs Against Switzerland: Impacts, Background and Strategic Options
The announcement of a 39-percent US tariff on Swiss exports starting August 7, 2025 marks a dramatic turning point in transatlantic trade relations. This move hits Switzerland’s export-oriented economy hard…